wp82e0e138.png
wp61f3a003.png
wpe3cffbbb.png
wp619fd94a.png
wp1606e60f.png
wpff55de83.png
wp26570d69.png
wpdf080a59.png
wpb836c515.png
wp05dca621.png
wpfcc0f01f_0f.jpg
wp759bb712.png
wp4ec32fc1.png

 

A Guide To Alternative Sweeteners

by Liz Bygrave (Jan 2009)

 

This is an exciting time to be involved in the world of natural sweeteners. The list of healthier alternatives to sugar gets ever longer, so I thought it was high time I listed my top favourites here and explained what’s so good about them. So here goes…

 

wpf611b17d_0f.jpg Xylitol

There’s a separate article about xylitol on the site so I won’t repeat myself too much here – suffice it to say that xylitol looks and tastes like sugar but has a glycaemic index* of just 7 (whereas that of sugar is 68). It also has only 60% of the calories of sugar and bacteria can’t grow in it, so it won’t rot your teeth. You can use it just as you would sugar, the only things it won’t do is caramelize or make yeast rise. Xylitol is recommended by many leading alternative nutritionists as a good alternative sugar.

 

In the UK, xylitol is relatively freely available from many supermarkets and health food shops, at around £2.70 for 225g. Xylitol should be suitable for most diabetics (but of course consult your doctor first).

 

Disadvantages: it can have a slight laxative effect until your body gets used to it. It is therefore recommended that you don’t eat more than 50g a day at first. 50g of xylitol is however quite a large amount so you would be unlikely to exceed this anyway.

 

Like chocolate, xylitol is not safe for dogs – so don’t feed it to them!

 

It is difficult to find out how processed xylitol is – some say it is quite heavily processed, others that the only catalyst used is water. It is also not possible to get organic xylitol at this moment in time, although the make I use, Perfect Sweet, is definitely non-GM.

 

Raw food eaters – please note that xylitol is not a raw product.

 

wp2f738483_0f.jpg Agave Syrup

Also known as agave nectar, and with a taste and texture akin to golden syrup, agave comes from Mexico and is made from the agave cactus, the same plant that tequila is made from. Agave is a fructose. Fructose is usually seen as being only a little more healthy than sugar, ie not an ideal food for the body. But because agave has a medium to low GI - of around 40, it is seen as being better for us than other fructose-based sweeteners. The GI of the raw version may well be even lower.  Agave is a delicious and versatile sweetener that is not too expensive and is readily available in most health food shops.

 

Disadvantages: the raw version is expensive; unlike xylitol, agave is bound to have some effect on your teeth, though this should be less than that of sugar.

 

Yacon

Yacon root is from South America. It gets its sweetness mainly from ‘fructooligosaccharides’ (FOS) which cannot be absorbed by the body and which feed the friendly bacteria in our guts. It is therefore seen as a low-calorie sweetener which shouldn’t adversely affect blood sugar. The FOS may also aid the absorption of nutrients from the gut.  Yacon can also be obtained as a powder (though it went rock hard in my cupboard before I had time to experiment with it – the downside of not using anti-caking agent I guess!). You can also buy the dried root – this makes a delicious low-calorie snack, not that sweet, and with a slightly smoky flavour.

 

Disadvantages: Yacon has a slightly bitter taste. This isn’t unpleasant, but I find that it does restrict its use in sweet recipes. I use it primarily to sweeten things like muesli, porridge and drinks, though I did once taste some chocolate someone had sweetened with yacon and it was delicious. Yacon is also expensive – it retails at around £12.50 per 250ml.

 

Sweet Freedom

This is a new natural sweetener, having only just come on the market here in the UK. It is made from apples, grapes and carob and, like agave, has the texture of golden syrup. Taste-wise, for me, it falls somewhere between agave and yacon root - there is a slight bitterness but it’s not pronounced. I tried it out in my truffle kit recipe in place of agave and it worked very well, whereas something like yacon wouldn’t.

 

Sweet Freedom is available in two varieties: Sweet Freedom Mild which has a lovely neutral sweetness and works for all uses from sweetening tea through to baking, and Sweet Freedom Rich which has a richer, deeper sweetness. Whilst I prefer the mild version, in my workshops I’ve found that most people prefer the rich one. At £2.69 for a 300ml bottle, Sweet Freedom is reasonably priced.

 

Sweet Freedom has a low GI (35) and GL** so it is suitable for diabetics. It also has 25% less calories than sugar but despite that it is actually sweeter. It contains no colours, additives or preservatives and is water extracted without chemicals or enzymes. It consists of only naturally occurring sugars from fruits and is suitable for vegetarians and vegans.

 

Disadvantages: not suitable for raw food eaters as it is not a raw product. The effect on teeth is not yet known though the makers do intend to carry out studies on this in the future.

 

Sweet Sensations are looking at stocking Sweet Freedom on the online shop. In the meantime you can buy it from www.sweetfreedom.co.uk.

 

wp3bd03f13_0f.jpg Lucuma Powder

This is the dried yellow powder of a Peruvian fruit and tastes absolutely divine – of butterscotch and shortbread. It’s not hugely sweet but using it in a recipe does mean you can use less of other sweeteners and it is low glycaemic. It is also nutrient dense, being especially high in betacarotene, Vitamin B3 and iron. Lucuma powder is raw.

 

Disadvantages: you would probably need to use another sweetener as well.

 

Mesquite Powder

You will either love or hate this one! Mesquite comes from the mesquite tree of South America and is a relation of carob. It is lighter in colour and has a more caramelly flavour, though it is quite bitter & has quite a ‘distinctive’ taste. Again, it is not that sweet (less so than lucuma I would say) but adding it to recipes - it works well in smoothies for instance - does mean you can add less actual sweetener to your recipe. Mesquite is raw, nutrient-rich, has a low glycaemic index* of 25 and research shows that it can help to balance blood sugar.

 

Disadvantages: not sweet enough to use as the only sweetener in a recipe.

 

Other sweeteners

There are other sweeteners out there – apologies if I haven’t included your personal favourite – this will either be because I have decided not to use it, or because it’s not available in the UK, or because I can’t find enough information on it to know whether it’s something I would use.  I will update this article as more information comes in.

 

I am  planning another article on the natural sweeteners that I don’t eat or recommend  - some might surprise you.  Keep checking the site or sign up to the newsletter to find out when it comes out.

 

 

*What is Glycaemic Index?

The glycaemic index (GI) represents the rate at a which a food is broken down in our digestive systems and released into the blood stream. The more slowly a food is broken down, the lower the glycaemic index, and the better that food is for us, as it keeps our blood sugar stable. Foods which are broken down quickly (sugar is one such food) are regarded as less healthy, among other things because they force the pancreas to release lots of insulin all at once in order to transport the glucose extracted from that food from the bloodstream into the cells. In the short term this can lead, among other symptoms, to that well known sugar rush, quickly followed by an energy slump. In the long term, it is likely that this kind of eating over taxes the pancreas and the cells, and may be a factor in weight gain and diabetes.

 

**Glycaemic Load is another way of  measuring the rate at which a food is broken down in the body.  It is regarded by many nutritional experts as a more accurate way of assessing a food’s affect on our blood sugar as it measures the effect on blood sugar of eating a normal portion of a particular food, as opposed to the amount of that food that contains 50g of carbohydrate.  This can mean eating an awful lot of a food that contains a lot of water for instance.  Most, if not all, of the sweeteners mentioned in this article would have a low GL as well a as low GI.

 

You can buy most of these sweeteners from the Sweet Sensations online shop.